Properties of Equality

Most errors in elementary mathematics arise as a result of the misuse of equality. Most children do not even know that there rules governing the use of equality in mathematical statements. The purpose of this poster/transparency is to inform children regarding the use of the equality sign. Equality is called a binary relation because it describes how two mathematical objects or statements are related. A  statement that two mathematical expressions are equal is called an equation.

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Place Value

The symbols we use to represent numbers are called numerals or figures. In the decimal number system there ten numerals, 0 – 9 and these are called one digit numbers. The value of a numeral in a given number depends on where the numeral appears in the number. This poster/transparency has used the numeral, 1 to illustrate the different values of the same digit.

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This poster/transparency is intended to introduce children to the four basic components of problem solving. Under each component the poster/transparency sets out the questions that need to be answered in order to solve a problem. In other words the process of solving a problem. Most of the mathematical problems that children are likely to come across require a good understanding of the properties of real numbers, the four basic operations, ( the four rules), and the properties of equality. The ability to translate a problem into a mathematical statement largely depends on the above. The understanding of the language of mathematics is crucial in the solution of problems.

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The Real Number System

I am yet to come across an eighteen year old who is able to tell the composition of the real number system confidently. The different sets of numbers that make up the real number system are never understood at school by most children. This poster/transparency is intended to illustrate in diagrammatic form how the real number system is made up and provide the definitions of the sets that make up the real number system.

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